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 *Understanding Human Birth Rate: Trends and Statistics*

The human birth rate, also known as crude birth rate,

is the total number of live human births per 1,000 population for a given period divided by the length of the period in years. As of 2024, the average global birth rate was 17 births per 1,000 total population, which translates to approximately 4.3 births per second or about 260 births per minute for the world.¹

*Current Trends*

The global birth rate has been declining over the years. In 1950-1955, the birth rate was 36.9 per 1,000 people, which decreased to 17.5 per 1,000 people in 2020-2025. This trend is expected to continue, with an estimated birth rate of 16.6 per 1,000 people in 2025-2030 and 14.6 per 1,000 people in 2045-2050.²

*Regional Variations*

Birth rates vary significantly across different regions and countries. According to 2025 estimates, countries with the highest birth rates are mostly located in Africa, such as:

- *Top 5 Countries with Highest Birth Rates:*

    - *Central African Republic*: 45.4 births per 1,000 people

    - *Chad*: 43.2 births per 1,000 people

    - *Somalia*: 41.8 births per 1,000 people

    - *Niger*: 40.8 births per 1,000 people

    - *DR Congo*: 40.4 births per 1,000 people

On the other hand, countries with lower birth rates are mostly located in Europe and East Asia, such as:

- *Countries with Lowest Birth Rates:*

    - *Poland*: 7.8 births per 1,000 people

    - *Malta*: 7.76 births per 1,000 people

    - *Bosnia and Herzegovina*: 7.72 births per 1,000 people

    - *Japan*: 6.08 births per 1,000 people

    - *South Korea*: has one of the lowest total fertility rates at 0.72 births per woman

*Total Fertility Rate*

The total fertility rate (TFR) is another important indicator, measuring the average number of children a woman would have in her lifetime. The global TFR has declined significantly over the years, from 4.9 children per woman in the 1950s to 2.3 children per woman in 2023. Countries with high TFRs include³ ⁴:

- *Countries with Highest TFR:*

    - *Niger*: 6.64 births per woman

    - *Somalia*: 6.13 births per woman

    - *Chad*: 6.12 births per woman

    - *DR Congo*: 6.05 births per woman

    - *Mali*: 5.61 births per woman

In contrast, countries with low TFRs include:

- *Countries with Lowest TFR:*

    - *South Korea*: 0.72 births per woman

    - *Hong Kong*: 0.72 births per woman

    - *Macau*: 0.59 births per woman

*Conclusion*

The human birth rate is a complex and dynamic phenomenon influenced by various factors, including cultural, economic, and demographic changes. Understanding birth rate trends and statistics can provide valuable insights into population growth, development, and sustainability.